What is the purpose of a data-use agreement in ethical data sharing?

• A. A contract that allows unrestricted data sharing.
• B. To specify terms for using data and protecting privacy.
• C. To compel researchers to publish all results.
• D. To identify the data collection instrument.

Answer: (B)

A data-use agreement functions as a contract that sets the rules for how data can be accessed, used, and protected once data are shared. In ethical data sharing, this agreement specifies exactly what researchers are allowed to do with the data, who may access it, and the safeguards in place to protect privacy. It covers permissible purposes, restrictions on re-identification, data security requirements (like encryption and access controls), de-identification standards, data storage and transfer, retention and destruction timelines, and obligations to report breaches or seek additional approvals if plans change. It also establishes accountability and consequences for violations, helping institutions meet ethical, legal, and funder requirements and honor participants’ consent. This is why the purpose is to specify terms for using data and protecting privacy. It is not about unrestricted sharing, forcing publication, or identifying the data collection instrument.