Informed Consent requires that participants choose what shall or shall not be done to them. Which option best describes this concept?

• A. Coercion
• B. Deception
• C. Informed Consent
• D. Confidentiality

Answer: (C)

The concept tested is voluntary, informed decision making by participants about what will be done to them. Informed consent means providing enough information about procedures, risks, benefits, and alternatives, ensuring the person understands, and obtaining their voluntary agreement to participate and to specific actions, with the option to decline or withdraw. Coercion undermines voluntariness by pressuring someone to participate. Deception compromises understanding and thus the validity of consent. Confidentiality relates to protecting data after participation, not to the participant’s choice about procedures. So the best description is informed consent.